Unit 2 Chapter 1Quiz Review

Front

Innovation that transformed daily life

Back

Electricity

Answer explanation

Electricity revolutionized daily life by powering homes and industries, leading to increased productivity through improved tools and technologies, unlike steam engines or manual labor which had more limited impacts.

Front

Inventor of the telephone

Back

Alexander Graham Bell

Answer explanation

Alexander Graham Bell is credited with revolutionizing communication by inventing the telephone in 1876, enabling voice communication over long distances, a significant advancement compared to previous methods.

Front

Vertical Integration

Back

Controlling all aspects of production

Answer explanation

Vertical integration refers to controlling all aspects of production, from raw materials to final products, allowing a company to streamline operations and reduce costs. This distinguishes it from merging with competitors or outsourcing.

Front

Horizontal Integration

Back

Acquiring competitors to dominate an industry

Answer explanation

Horizontal integration involves acquiring competitors to increase market share and control over an industry. This strategy helps companies dominate their sector by reducing competition.

Front

Monopoly

Back

A corporation controlling an entire industry

Answer explanation

A monopoly occurs when a single corporation controls an entire industry, limiting competition and consumer choice. This distinguishes it from small businesses, government enterprises, or non-profits, which do not have such control.

Front

Oil refining and distribution monopoly

Back

John D. Rockefeller

Answer explanation

John D. Rockefeller founded Standard Oil and established a monopoly in oil refining and distribution, controlling a significant portion of the industry in the late 19th century, unlike Carnegie, Vanderbilt, or Ford.

Front

Expanded railroad network

Back

Cornelius Vanderbilt

Answer explanation

Cornelius Vanderbilt expanded the railroad network in the 19th century, significantly enhancing transportation and commerce, which contributed to national economic growth. His efforts made railroads more efficient and accessible.

Front

Major effect of late 19th to early 20th century urbanization

Back

Overcrowding in cities

Answer explanation

A major effect of urbanization during the late 19th to early 20th century was overcrowding in cities, as people migrated in large numbers for jobs and opportunities, leading to densely populated urban areas.

Front

Discrimination due to Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882

Back

Asians

Answer explanation

The Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882 specifically targeted Asian immigrants, prohibiting their entry and subjecting them to legal and social discrimination, making 'Asians' the correct answer.

Front

Push factor for US immigration (late 1800s)

Back

Economic opportunities

Answer explanation

In the late 1800s, many immigrants were driven to the U.S. by the promise of economic opportunities, escaping poverty and seeking better jobs, which was a significant push factor compared to the other options.