Literary Concepts and Elements

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Conflict

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It’s when a character has a problem or altercation with another character, nature, or a group.

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Conflict: Man vs. Man

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It’s the conflict between two characters.

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Conflict: Man vs. Nature

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It’s when a character has to overcome a force of nature: a storm, climate, animal, or natural obstacle.

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Conflict: Man vs. Society

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It’s when the character struggles with a group, town, or a majority of characters.

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Conflict: Man vs. Self

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It’s when a character struggles with themselves: guilt, decisions, choices, and their feelings.

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Characterization

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It’s when the writer reveals a character typically through their speech, dress, manner, and actions.

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Foreshadow

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It’s a hint of what is to come later in a story. It can be given by something that the character says, their actions, and it may be subtle or obvious.

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Point of View

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It’s the angle or perspective in which a story is narrated.

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First-Person POV

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In first person, the story is told through one person. It’s like reading the main character’s diary. Pronouns used: I, Me/My, We/Us, or Our.

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Second-Person POV

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Uses the pronoun “You”. It establishes the reader as the protagonist or main character.