Glycogen Metabolism

Front

T or F: Glycogen stored in the liver increases in the blood in the hours between meals/rising insulin

Back

T

Front

Which enzyme regulates the breakdown of glycogen?

Back

Glycogen phosphorylase

Front

How is glycogen synthesized?

Back

UDP glucose undergoes enzymatic activity by glycogen synthase and then glycogen is produced, with UDP-glucose as a substrate

Front

What is the glycogen breakdown and synthesis cycle?

Back

Glucagon and epinephrine bind to G-protein coupled receptors and are activated by cAMP and PKA to activate protein kinases? These binds to glycogen synthase and phosphorylase and activate the synthase and deactivate the phosphorylase, breaking down glycogen? This stimulates insulin to be released and protein phosphatases activate glycogen synthase and inactivate the phosphorylase and glycogen in synthesized

Front

What would increase the rate of glycogenolysis?

Back

Increases epinephrine, increase cAMP, decreased protein phosphatase

Front

What would increase the rate of glycogen synthesis?

Back

Decreased cAMP, increased insulin, decreased protein kinase activity

Front

What is exertional rhabdomyolysis (ER?)

Back

A mutation in the glycogen synthase gene (GSY1) that causes glycogen to accumulate in the skeletal muscle of a horse with PSSM1, gets stiff muscles because glucose is not being adequately supplied

Front

Where does the pentose phosphate pathway occur?

Back

In the cytoplasm of most cells

Front

What two compounds are synthesized in steps of the pentose phosphate pathway that can be returned into glycolysis?

Back

Fructose-6-phosphate and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate

Front

UDP-glucose can be turned into what nucleotide sugar?

Back

UDP-Glucuronic acid