Philosophical Concepts of Self

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Self - Definition

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A person is defined by qualities such as personality and abilities that make them different from others.

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Philosophy - Definition

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Derived from the Greek word 'Philos' meaning love, and 'Sophos' meaning wisdom. It is the love of wisdom.

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Socrates - Reality

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Thinks reality is dualistic; one realm is changeable, transient, and imperfect (Physical Realm), while another is unchanging, eternal, and immortal (Ideal Realm).

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Socrates - Composition of Man

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Every man is composed of bodies (physical realm) and souls (ideal realm).

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Plato - Unexamined Life

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'An unexamined life is not worth living; the worst thing that can happen to anyone is to live but die inside.'

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Plato - Immortal Soul

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Believes the self is an immortal soul; the soul is everlasting, fixed, and indestructible.

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Plato - Allegory of the Chariot

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The rational soul is the charioteer (reason, intellect), the spirited soul is the noble horse (emotions), and the appetitive soul is the black horse (biological needs).

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Aristotle - Hylomorphism

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Believes a person is made up of a body and a soul; everything is composed of form (Eidos) and matter (Hyle).

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Aristotle - Parts of the Soul

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The self is viewed as the soul (psyche) which has three parts: vegetative, sensitive, and rational.

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Plotinus - Neoplatonism

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Got Neoplatonism from Plato’s ideas; believes in a higher entity (God) and the goal is to locate the one in the mortal world.