Conocimiento de Palabras en la Enseñanza de Idiomas

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The knowledge of words is fundamental in language teaching.

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It provides the foundation for students to understand and express their ideas in the four language skills: listening, speaking, reading, and writing.

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Lexical competence is a component of communicative competence.

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It involves knowing the form, meaning, and use of a word.

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To know a word implies understanding its form, meaning, and use.

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This includes aspects such as spelling, pronunciation, grammar, and word associations.

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In L1 acquisition, students may know the pronunciation of a word but not its spelling.

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In L2, they may know the written form but not how to pronounce it.

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The knowledge of the family of words expands as competence increases.

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For example, by knowing 'able', students can learn 'unable', 'disable', 'enable', etc.

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Explicit instruction helps to learn phonetics and spelling.

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However, relying too much on repetitive exercises can lead to boredom.

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Knowing the meaning of a word includes connecting form and meaning.

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This involves understanding concepts and references, as well as word associations.

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Word associations are mental connections between words.

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For example, 'accident' is associated with 'car', 'blood', 'hospital'.

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The use of a word implies knowing its grammatical function and collocations.

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Collocations are combinations of words that are used together naturally.

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Collocations are divided into grammatical and semantic collocations.

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The grammatical ones follow grammatical rules, while the semantic ones contribute to meaning.