Biochemistry Terms

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Polysaccharide

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A carbohydrate whose molecules consist of a number of sugar molecules bonded together.

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Primary Structure

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The sequence of amino acids in a protein.

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Protein

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A molecule composed of polymers of amino acids joined together by peptide bonds.

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Proton

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A subatomic particle found in the nucleus of every atom, carrying a positive charge.

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Purines

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A type of nitrogenous base found in DNA and RNA, including adenine and guanine.

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Pyrimidines

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A type of nitrogenous base found in DNA and RNA, including cytosine, thymine, and uracil.

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Quaternary Structure

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The structure formed by several protein molecules, usually called protein subunits, which function as a single protein complex.

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R-group

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The side chain attached to the alpha carbon in an amino acid, determining the characteristics of the amino acid.

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Receptor Proteins

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Proteins that bind to specific molecules and transmit signals to the cell.

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Ribose Sugar

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A five-carbon sugar found in RNA.