Scientific Experiment Terminology

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Control

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A part of a scientific experiment that stays the same while other parts are allowed to change. It is used as a standard for comparing results.

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Variable

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A part of a scientific experiment that is allowed to change in order to test a hypothesis.

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Independent variable

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A factor in an experiment that is intentionally changed to see how it affects the other variables.

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Dependent variable

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A variable that changes in response to another variable, the independent variable.

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Evidence

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Information that helps people determine if something is true.

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Hypothesis

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A statement that explains a set of facts and can be tested to determine if it is false or not accurate. Scientists test this by making observations and performing experiments.

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Experimental investigation

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A test that is done by scientists to find out whether an idea or hypothesis is true. This usually involves careful measurements and the use of laboratory equipment.

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Conclusion

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A statement that summarizes the results of an experiment, and is based on observations and measurements.

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Reliable

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Data, models, hypothesis, theories, and law that are repeatedly tested and are widely accepted or acknowledged.

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Phenomena

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An observable event that occurs in the universe that can be explained or predicted using scientific knowledge. Lightning, earthquakes, and volcanic eruptions are natural phenomena.