Relating to an audience is important in all areas of life.

Whether in presentations, conversations, or social media, audience awareness enhances communication.

Strategic and sufficient evidence is essential in building an argument.

Just like constructing a house, arguments need support and structure.

The importance of using strategic and sufficient evidence

Evidence is crucial for building a strong and persuasive argument.

Role of evidence in arguments

Evidence provides support and justification for claims, making arguments more convincing and credible.

Definition of a claim

A claim is a statement that expresses your position on a particular issue.

Definition of evidence

Evidence is information used to support a claim, including facts, statistics, examples, expert opinions, and personal anecdotes.

"Climate change is a serious threat to our planet."

"The average global temperature has increased by about 1 degree Celsius since the late 19th century."

Selecting evidence strategically

Consider your audience, purpose, and context when choosing evidence.

Choose evidence that is credible, relevant, and up-to-date. Avoid biased or unreliable sources.

Use enough evidence to support claims effectively, depending on argument complexity and audience skepticism.

Use evidence to illustrate, clarify, amplify, or associate your points, tailoring it to achieve specific goals.

Definition of an explicit thesis statement

A thesis explicitly stated in a single sentence

Example of an explicit thesis statement

"The widespread use of single-use plastics is detrimental to the environment and should be significantly reduced."

Definition of an implied thesis

A thesis that is not directly stated but emerges throughout the text

Example of an implied thesis

An article on plant-based diets implies health benefits without a single thesis statement

Purpose of a well-crafted thesis statement

Provides clues about the structure of the argument

Example of a thesis statement with a three-part structure

"The negative effects of social media on mental health can be mitigated by limiting screen time, practicing mindfulness, and fostering real-life connections."

Steps to write a clear and defensible thesis statement

Brainstorm main ideas and distill them into a concise, debatable statement

Importance of a thesis in an argument

The thesis is the backbone of your argument

Ethos (Ethical Appeal)

An appeal to the speaker's credibility or character, convincing the audience of trustworthiness and knowledge.

Pathos (Emotional Appeal)

An appeal to the audience's emotions, aiming to evoke feelings like anger, sadness, joy, or hope.

Logos (Logical Appeal)

An appeal to reason and logic, presenting a clear and well-reasoned argument supported by evidence.

Check if the writer establishes expertise, uses credible sources, and seems trustworthy and fair-minded.

Look for the use of vivid language or personal stories to evoke emotions and appeal to audience values or beliefs.

Determine if the writer presents a clear and logical argument with evidence to support their claims.

The effectiveness of each mode of persuasion depends on the rhetorical situation.

Consider audience, purpose, and context to determine the best mode of persuasion.

Consider the values, beliefs, and needs of your audience to determine effective appeals.

Identify what you are trying to achieve with your argument: inform, persuade, or inspire.

Consider the occasion and setting to choose appropriate tone and language.

An appeal to the character or credibility of the speaker or writer.

An appeal to the emotions of the audience.

A reasoned attempt to convince an audience to think or act in a certain way.

An assertion or proposition that an author asks the audience to accept.

Information used to support a claim in an argument.

The art of effective or persuasive speaking or writing.

The context of a rhetorical act, including purpose, audience, and occasion.

The central claim or main idea of an argument.

An argument that opposes another argument.

A response that refutes a counterargument.

Study Guide 4

Flashcard

•

English

•

11th Grade

•

Practice Problem

•

Hard

•

CCSS

RI.11-12.5, RI.8.1, RL.11-12.2

+36

Standards-aligned

Ausencio Delgado

FREE Resource

Student preview

61 questions

Show all answers

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Effective communication requires understanding your audience and tailoring your message.

Back

Understanding your audience allows you to make strategic choices about language, evidence, and appeals.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Values in audience analysis

Back

Principles and ideals that your audience holds dear, such as education, freedom, or family.

Tags

CCSS.RI. 9-10.9

CCSS.RI.11-12.9

CCSS.RL.11-12.2

CCSS.RL.8.2

CCSS.RL.9-10.2

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Beliefs in audience analysis

Back

Convictions and opinions your audience holds to be true, including religious beliefs, political views, or personal philosophies.

Tags

CCSS.RI. 9-10.8

CCSS.RI.11-12.5

CCSS.RI.11-12.8

CCSS.RI.8.5

CCSS.RI.9-10.5

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Needs in audience analysis

Back

Requirements for your audience's well-being and fulfillment, such as safety, belonging, or self-esteem.

Tags

CCSS.RI. 9-10.9

CCSS.RI.11-12.9

CCSS.RL.11-12.2

CCSS.RL.8.2

CCSS.RL.9-10.2

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Background in audience analysis

Back

The sum of your audience's experiences, knowledge, and education, including factors like age, culture, and socioeconomic status.

Tags

CCSS.RI. 9-10.6

CCSS.RI.11-12.6

CCSS.RL.11-12.6

CCSS.RL.8.6

CCSS.RL.9-10.6

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Analyzing an argument involves understanding how the writer or speaker demonstrates audience awareness.

Back

Look for clues in language, evidence, and appeals that reveal the audience's values, beliefs, and needs.

Tags

CCSS.RI.8.1

CCSS.RI.8.8

CCSS.RL.11-12.1

CCSS.RL.8.1

CCSS.RL.9-10.1

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Adapting your message is crucial once you understand your audience.

Back

Choose language, evidence, and appeals that resonate with their emotions and values.

Tags

CCSS.RI.11-12.5

CCSS.RI.9-10.5

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