Biology Concepts Flashcards

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Acid

Back

A substance that donates hydrogen ions (H+) and can react with bases to form water.

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Active Transport

Back

Movement of molecules across a cell membrane from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration against the concentration gradient, requiring energy (often ATP).

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Aquaporin

Back

Proteins that form pores in the cell membrane for transporting water.

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ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate)

Back

The primary energy carrier in all living organisms on earth.

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Base

Back

A substance that accepts hydrogen ions and can neutralize acids.

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Buffer

Back

A solution that can resist pH change upon the addition of an acidic or basic component.

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Carrier Protein

Back

A protein that transports specific substances through intracellular compartments or in and out of cells.

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Cellular Respiration

Back

The process cells use to break down sugars to generate ATP, involving glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation.

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Channel Protein

Back

A protein that allows the transport of specific substances across a cell membrane.

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Concentration Gradient

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A gradient resulting from an unequal distribution of ions across the cell membrane.