Genetics Basics

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Heterozygous

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Different genotype- One Dominant and one recessive (Example: Bb, Cc, Ff) One dominant and one recessive

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Nucleus

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Gives direction to the cell- controls it and contains DNA

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Homozygous

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Same genotype (Example: BB, bb)

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Gene mutation

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A change in a specific gene DNA

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Chromosomal mutation

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A change in a chromosome DNA

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Phenotype

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Physical trait (what you see/looks like) Example- blue eyes, curly hair, etc.

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Dominant

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The big letter in a genotype. It overpowers the recessive trait. It is written first.

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Gene

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A section of DNA that makes a protein and controls the characteristics of the offspring.

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Codominance

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Occurs when two alleles are equally dominant, resulting in a combination of traits (Example: white chicken and black chicken create a chicken with black and white spots (Erminette Chickens).

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Trait

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A characteristic determined by the parents genes.