Cell membrane vocab review

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Semipermeable membrane definition

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Allows certain molecules or ions to pass through.

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Phospholipid bilayer:

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A two-layered arrangement of phosphate and lipid molecules forming a cell membrane, with hydrophobic lipid ends inward and hydrophilic phosphate ends outward.

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Diffusion: Movement of particles from high to low concentration.

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Movement of particles from a region of higher concentration to regions of lower concentration.

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Facilitated diffusion:

Back

Passive transport of molecules/ions across the membrane.

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Active transport: movement of ions/molecules across a cell membrane to a higher concentration, requiring energy and enzymes.

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Movement of ions/molecules across a cell membrane to a higher concentration, requiring energy.

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Passive transport definition:

Back

Movement of ions and other substances across cell membranes without energy input.

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Concentration gradient: movement of particles from an area of higher to lower concentration, typically across a membrane.

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Movement from higher to lower concentration across a membrane.

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Isotonic: Two solutions with the same osmotic pressure across a semipermeable membrane, allowing free water movement without changing solute concentration.

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Two solutions having the same osmotic pressure across a semipermeable membrane, allowing free movement of water without changing solute concentration.

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Hypertonic solution:

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Concentration of solutes is greater outside the cell than inside.

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Hypotonic solution:

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Concentration of solutes is greater inside the cell than outside.