Forensic Science Ch 7 Vocab

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allele

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an alternate form of a gene

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Chromosome

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Cell structure containing genetic info along DNA strands.

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DNA fingerprint

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Pattern DNA fragments from a person's unique DNA sequence.

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DNA probe

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Molecule labeled with a radioactive isotope, dye, or enzyme to locate a specific gene sequence on DNA.

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Electrophoresis:

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A method to separate molecules (e.g., DNA) by size and charge using an electric current through a gel.

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Gene: segment of DNA in a chromosome containing info to produce a protein or RNA.

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segment of DNA in a chromosome that contains information used to produce a protein or an RNA molecule.

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Paternity: A child inherits two genes for each trait from both parents.

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A child inherits two genes for each trait - one from the mother and one from the father.

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PCR

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(polymerase chain reaction) method to rapidly make multiple copies of a specific DNA segment; can produce millions of copies from a small amount.

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Restriction enzyme

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Cuts DNA at a specific base sequence.

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STR: tandem repeats of short DNA sequences (2-5 base pairs) with varying numbers among individuals

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(short tandem repeat) tandem (next to each other) repeats of short DNA sequences (two to five base pairs) with varying numbers of repeats found among indivisuals.