Mutations Vocab

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Mutation

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Change in the genetic material of a cell

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Point Mutation

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Gene mutation where a single base pair in DNA is changed.

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Frameshift Mutation

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Shifts the reading frame of genetic message by inserting or deleting a nucleotide.

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Silent Mutation

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Point mutation that does not affect amino acid sequence.

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Mutagen

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Chemical or physical agents that interact with DNA and may cause a mutation.

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Nonsense Mutation

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Point mutation causing a stop codon instead of an amino acid.

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Missense Mutation

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Point mutation that changes the amino acid specified.

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Nondisjunction Mutation

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Error in meiosis where homologous chromosomes fail to separate.

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Chromosomal Mutation

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Mutations that change the structure or number of chromosomes

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Polyploidy

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Condition with extra sets of chromosomes.