Front

West African storytellers and poets who transmitted history and culture.

Back

griots

Front

Kinship system tracing ancestry through the mother’s side.

Back

matrilineal

Front

Elders in indigenous religions with powers to communicate with spirits

Back

shamans

Front

Belief that animals, plants, and inanimate objects have spirits.

Back

animism

Front

Division between opposing parties due to differing beliefs.

Back

schism

Front

Economic system in medieval Europe centered around a manor.

Back

manorialism

Front

A large self-sufficient farm or estate

Back

manor

Front

Muslim sultan who unified forces, defeated Christians, and reclaimed territory, leading to the 3rd Crusade.

Back

Saladin

Front

Wars over 116 years between England and France for territory control, including the English Channel.

Back

The Hundred Years War

Front

Secret courts to identify and punish heretics.

Back

The Inquisition