Basic Networking and Computing Concepts

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Bandwidth

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The maximum amount of data that can be sent in a fixed amount of time, usually measured in bits per second.

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Computing Device

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A machine that can run a program, including computers, tablets, servers, routers, and smart sensors.

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Computing Network

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A group of interconnected computing devices capable of sending or receiving data.

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Computing System

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A group of computing devices and programs working together for a common purpose.

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Path

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The series of connections between computing devices on a network starting with a sender and ending with a receiver.

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IP Address

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The unique number assigned to each device on the Internet.

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Internet Protocol (IP)

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A protocol for sending data across the Internet that assigns unique numbers (IP addresses) to each connected device.

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Protocol

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An agreed-upon set of rules that specify the behavior of some system.

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Fault Tolerant

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Can continue to function even in the event of individual component failures. This is important because elements of complex systems like a computer network fail at unexpected times, often in groups.

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Redundancy

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The inclusion of extra components so that a system can continue to work even if individual components fail, for example by having more than one path between any two connected devices in a network.