Chemistry Review Flashcards

Front

Vertical columns on the periodic table are called:

Back

Groups

Answer explanation

The vertical columns on the periodic table are called 'Groups'. Each group contains elements that share similar chemical properties, while the horizontal rows are known as 'Periods'.

Front

Elements with 1 valence electron:

Back

Group 1

Answer explanation

Group 1 elements, known as alkali metals, have one valence electron. This characteristic makes them highly reactive and distinguishes them from elements in Groups 2, 13, and 18, which have different valence electron configurations.

Front

Most reactive metals?

Back

Group 1

Answer explanation

Group 1 elements, known as alkali metals, are the most reactive metals due to their single valence electron, which they readily lose to form positive ions. This makes them highly reactive, especially with water and halogens.

Front

Most reactive nonmetals?

Back

Group 17

Answer explanation

Group 17, known as the halogens, are the most reactive nonmetals. They readily gain electrons to achieve a full outer shell, making them highly reactive compared to other groups.

Front

Nonreactive, chemically stable elements?

Back

Group 18

Answer explanation

Group 18 elements, known as the noble gases, are nonreactive because they have a full valence shell, making them chemically stable. In contrast, Groups 1, 2, and 17 are reactive due to their incomplete valence shells.

Front

Horizontal rows on the periodic table are called:

Back

Periods

Answer explanation

The horizontal rows on the periodic table are called periods. Each period represents a different energy level of electrons in the atoms of the elements in that row.

Front

Classification of elements that are gases or dull brittle solids and poor conductors?

Back

Nonmetals

Answer explanation

Nonmetals are characterized as gases or dull brittle solids and are poor conductors of heat and electricity, distinguishing them from metals and metalloids, which have different properties.

Front

Classification of elements that are solids, semi-conductors, with metallic physical and nonmetallic chemical properties?

Back

Metalloids

Answer explanation

Metalloids are elements that exhibit properties of both metals and nonmetals. They are typically solid at room temperature and have intermediate conductivity, making them distinct from pure metals and nonmetals.

Front

Bohr Model

Back

Simple diagrams showing atomic structure.

Answer explanation

The Bohr Model is a simple diagram that illustrates the atomic structure of an atom, showing electrons in specific orbits around the nucleus. This makes the second answer choice the correct one.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-1

Front

Atoms are mostly empty space.

Back

True

Answer explanation

Atoms consist of a nucleus surrounded by electrons, with vast distances between them, making them mostly empty space. Therefore, the statement is true.