FS-Ch6 Ions:Charged Particles in Solution

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Ionization

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The process by which an atom or a molecule acquires a negative or positive charge by gaining or losing electrons to form ions.

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Hydrogen Ion

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A positively charged ion (H+) formed of a hydrogen atom that has lost its electron.

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Hydronium Ion

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A positively charged ion (H3O+) formed when an acid dissolves in water and hydrogen ions interact with water.

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Hydroxide Ion

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A negatively charged ion (OH-) made of oxygen and hydrogen.

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Acid

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A substance that increases the hydrogen ion concentration of a solution.

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Base

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A substance that decreases the hydrogen ion concentration in a solution.

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Salt

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An ionic compound made from the neutralization of an acid with a base.

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Neutral

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A solution that has a pH of 7, meaning it is neither acidic nor basic.

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Proton Donor

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A substance that donates protons (H+) in a chemical reaction, typically an acid.

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Proton Acceptor

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A substance that accepts protons (H+) in a chemical reaction, typically a base.