Biology Terms Flashcards

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Autotroph

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An organism that can make its own food using simple substances like water and air (e.g., plants).

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Heterotroph

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An organism that must eat other living things to get the energy and materials it needs (e.g., animals).

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Photosynthesis

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The process by which plants use sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide to create food (glucose) and oxygen.

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Respiration

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The process by which cells use glucose and oxygen to create energy.

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Enzyme

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A protein that speeds up chemical reactions in cells.

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Metabolism

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All the chemical reactions that happen inside a cell to keep it alive.

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Organite (Organelle)

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A small part of a cell that has a specific job, like making energy or breaking down food (e.g., chloroplast, mitochondria).

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Chloroplast

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The part of a plant cell where photosynthesis happens.

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Mitochondria

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The part of the cell that makes energy from glucose and oxygen.