Cell Transport Review

Front

Diffusion & Facilitated Diffusion are both __________ transport.

Back

Passive

Answer explanation

Both diffusion and facilitated diffusion are types of passive transport. In passive transport, substances move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration without the use of energy. Therefore, the correct answer is 'Passive'.

Front

Passive Transport is the movement of particles across the membrane from an area of [ ___ ] to an area of [ ___ ]

Back

high to low

Answer explanation

Passive transport is a process that moves particles across the membrane from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. This is because it follows the natural flow of diffusion, which is from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. Therefore, the correct answer is 'high to low'.

Front

An example of diffusion is:

• CO₂ and O₂ exchange in the lungs
• Glucose transport
• Na⁺ / K⁺ Pumps
• Exocytosis

Back

CO₂ and O₂ exchange in the lungs

Answer explanation

Diffusion is the process of a substance spreading out to evenly occupy its container or environment. The exchange of CO2 and O2 in the lungs is a prime example of this. Oxygen from the air we breathe diffuses into the blood, and carbon dioxide diffuses from the blood into the air in the lungs to be exhaled.

Front

What is the movement of particles with the concentration gradient using protein "helpers"?

Back

facilitated diffusion

Answer explanation

The question asks about the movement of particles with the concentration gradient using protein 'helpers'. This process is known as 'facilitated diffusion'. Unlike simple diffusion, it requires protein 'helpers' to move substances across the cell membrane. It is not 'active transport' as that requires energy, and it's not 'enzymatic reactions' as they are biochemical reactions catalyzed by enzymes.

Front

Osmosis is the movement of _____ across a membrane.

Back

water

Answer explanation

Osmosis is a process that involves the movement of a solvent, such as water, across a semi-permeable membrane. The solvent moves from an area of low solute concentration to an area of high solute concentration. In this question, the correct answer is 'water' because it is the solvent that moves during osmosis, not food, energy, or oxygen.

Front

Permeable

Back

things can pass through

Answer explanation

The term 'Permeable' refers to the ability of a material or substance to allow another substance to pass through it. In this context, the correct answer is 'things can pass through'. This means that if something is permeable, it allows substances or matter to pass or seep through it, which is the essence of permeability.

Front

What regulates what enters and leaves a cell?

Back

Cell Membrane

Answer explanation

The cell membrane, also known as the plasma membrane, regulates what enters and leaves a cell. It is a selectively permeable barrier, allowing certain substances to pass while blocking others. This is why 'Cell Membrane' is the correct answer to the question. The other options, Nucleus, Mitochondria, and Cytoplasm, do not have this function.

Front

Active transport is the movement of large materials across a cell membrane from ______ to ______ concentration.

Back

low to high

Answer explanation

Active transport is a process that moves ions or molecules across a cell membrane from a region of lower concentration to one of higher concentration. This process requires energy because it is moving substances against the concentration gradient. Therefore, the correct answer is 'low to high' concentration.

Front

Active transport across a cell membrane from low to high concentration requires:
- energy (ATP)
- no energy
- water
- oxygen

Back

energy (ATP)

Answer explanation

Active transport is a process that moves molecules across a cell membrane from a region of low concentration to a region of high concentration. This movement goes against the concentration gradient and requires energy in the form of ATP (adenosine triphosphate) to power the transport proteins involved. Therefore, the correct choice is 'energy (ATP)'.

Front

A general term for the various types of active transport that move particles INTO a cell by enclosing them in a vesicle made out of plasma membrane.

Back

Endocytosis

Answer explanation

Endocytosis is the correct answer because it refers to the process of actively transporting particles into a cell by enclosing them in a vesicle made out of plasma membrane. This is in contrast to exocytosis, which moves particles out of the cell, and osmosis and diffusion, which are passive transport processes.