Genetic Modification Terminology

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Genetically engineered (GE)

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An organism with a copy of a gene not previously found in the species.

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Genetically modified (GM)

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An organism that has been altered at the genetic level.

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The characteristics of all living organisms are determined by their genetic makeup and its interaction with the environment.

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The genetic makeup of an organism is its genome, which in all plants and animals is made of DNA.

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The cell nucleus contains genome packaged in chromosomes

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Genetic modification involves inserting or adding a specific stretch of DNA into the plant’s genome.

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Genetic modification gives the plant new or different characteristics.

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Image of a DNA strand being modified with tweezers.

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The image represents the concept of genetic modification by altering DNA.

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What is Genetic Modification?

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Genetic modification (GM) involves altering the genetic material of an organism to achieve desired traits.

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Control of a single gene over a trait?

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One trait (phenotype) is rarely under the control of a single gene.

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Vector (plasmid) containing DNA of interest

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A plasmid that has been engineered to include the DNA sequence of interest.

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Transformed A. tumefaciens

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Agrobacterium tumefaciens that has taken up the plasmid containing the DNA of interest.