Material Science and Chemistry Flashcards

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Acids

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Substances with a pH less than 7 that donate protons (H⁺ ions) in a reaction; commonly used in manufacturing, cleaning, and various chemical processes.

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Alloy

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A mixture of metals, or a metal and another element, designed to enhance strength, durability, or resistance to corrosion.

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Bamboo

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A strong, natural, and sustainable material commonly used in construction, furniture, and flooring, notable for its fast growth and renewability.

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Bases

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Substances with a pH greater than 7 that accept protons and are often used in cleaning products and chemical processes.

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Biobased

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Materials derived from living organisms, such as plants or animals, rather than fossil fuels; includes renewable resources like bioplastics.

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Biodegradable

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Materials that break down naturally by microorganisms, returning to the environment without harm.

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Biomaterial

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Any material, natural or synthetic, used in medical applications or to replace part of a living system, often biocompatible.

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Bioplastics

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Plastics derived from renewable biological sources (e.g., corn starch) rather than traditional fossil fuels, often biodegradable.

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Ceramics

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Inorganic, nonmetallic materials that are typically brittle but strong, resistant to heat, and used in construction and manufacturing.

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Composite

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A material made from two or more different substances to achieve a combination of properties, such as strength and lightness.