DNA Structure and Replication - J.Y.

Front

What are the three components of a nucleotide?

Back

A nucleotide is made up of a phosphate group, a sugar (deoxyribose in DNA), and a nitrogenous base.

Front

Which nitrogenous base is found in RNA but not in DNA?

Back

Uracil is found in RNA but not in DNA; DNA contains thymine instead.

Front

What is the structure of DNA?

Back

DNA is a double helix formed by two strands of nucleotides running in opposite directions (antiparallel) with complementary base pairing.

Front

What does the term 'antiparallel' refer to in DNA structure?

Back

Antiparallel refers to the orientation of the two strands of DNA, where one strand runs from 5' to 3' and the other runs from 3' to 5'.

Front

What are the four nitrogenous bases in DNA?

Back

The four nitrogenous bases in DNA are adenine (A), thymine (T), cytosine (C), and guanine (G).

Front

What base pairs with adenine in DNA?

Back

Thymine pairs with adenine in DNA.

Front

What is the function of DNA polymerase in DNA replication?

Back

DNA polymerase is an enzyme that synthesizes new DNA strands by adding nucleotides complementary to the template strand during DNA replication.

Front

What is the significance of the 5' and 3' ends of a DNA strand?

Back

The 5' and 3' ends indicate the directionality of the DNA strand, which is crucial for processes like replication and transcription.

Front

What is the role of helicase in DNA replication?

Back

Helicase is an enzyme that unwinds the double helix of DNA, separating the two strands to allow replication to occur.

Front

What is semi-conservative replication?

Back

Semi-conservative replication is the process by which each new DNA molecule consists of one original strand and one newly synthesized strand.