Advanced Anat/Phys Unit 6

Front

What type of RNA carries codons that specify amino acids during protein synthesis?

Back

mRNA (messenger RNA)

Front

What type of RNA contains anticodons and carries amino acids to the ribosome?

Back

tRNA (transfer RNA)

Front

What term describes the genetic makeup of an organism, which may not be expressed phenotypically?

Back

Genotype

Front

Which enzyme is responsible for synthesizing the leading strand of DNA during replication?

Back

DNA polymerase

Front

What is the name of the sequence on a gene where RNA polymerase stops transcription?

Back

The terminator

Front

What is the role of mRNA in protein synthesis?

Back

mRNA serves as a template for translating genetic information into proteins.

Front

What is the function of tRNA in the process of translation?

Back

tRNA transports specific amino acids to the ribosome, matching them to the corresponding codons on the mRNA.

Front

What is the difference between genotype and phenotype?

Back

Genotype refers to the genetic constitution of an organism, while phenotype refers to the observable traits or characteristics.

Front

What is the significance of the promoter region in a gene?

Back

The promoter region is where RNA polymerase binds to initiate transcription.

Front

What is the process of transcription?

Back

Transcription is the process of synthesizing RNA from a DNA template.