Taxonomy and Systematics

Front

Why are scientific names important?

Back

a.      Many common names may be given to the same species

b.      Common name may be applied to several different species.

Front

Who was the first person to attempt to organize and classify plants?

Back

Theophrastus

Front

What were early plant classification systems based on?

Back

Leaf characteristics

Front

Who established the binomial system of nomenclature? How was his system better than previous classification systems? How was his system flawed?

Back

a.      Carolus Linnaeus

b.      Changed the Latin phrases to reflect relationships.

c.      Flaw: Many species placed in each genus and did not reflect natural relationships between species

Front

What is required for a plant to be recognized as a new species according to the ICBN?

Back

a.      Requires 2 steps to officially recognize new plant species

                         i.     DNA sequence data must be deposited in a public database such as GenBank

                  ii.     Author must designate type specimen that is deposited in a herbarium

Front

What is the ICNCP?

Back

a.      International Code of Nomenclature for Cultivated Plant

b.      A cultivated plant (cultigen) has an origin or selection that is primarily due to intentional human activity

                                          i.     May be deliberate/ accidental hybridization which requires this independent catalog.

Front

How is it different than the ICBN?

Back

a.      ICBN designates classified plants as taxa

i.     Taxa are grouped in nested ranks

ii.     ICNCP uses 2 classification terms: cultivar and cultivar-group

iii.     Most cultigens have a Latin name that is governed by the ICBN

iv.     They are also grouped by use to humans

1.      Group names can be made for any trait

Front

How has the development of “phylocodes” changed how plants are classified?

Back

a.      New data in the field of molecular systematics changes our knowledge of evolutionary relationships.

b.      Many long-held taxonomic groups are being reorganized because they are NOT monophyletic

c.      Comparing DNA sequences between 2 hypothetical or theorized plant species.

Front

Phyla grouped into ?

Back

kingdoms

Front

Classes grouped into ?

Back

phyla