Intelligence and Cognitive Abilities

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Intelligence refers to the ability to learn from experience, solve problems, and adapt to new situations.

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Definition of intelligence.

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General Intelligence is a factor that underlies specific mental abilities and is measured by every task on an intelligence test.

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Concept of general intelligence.

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LL Thurstone's 7 factors in intelligence include word fluency, verbal comprehension, spatial ability, perceptual speed, numerical ability, inductive reasoning, and memory.

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Thurstone's factors of intelligence.

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Multiple Intelligences theory by Howard Gardner includes linguistic, logical-mathematical, musical, spatial, bodily-kinesthetic, interpersonal, intrapersonal, and naturalistic intelligences.

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Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences.

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Triarchic Theory of Intelligence by Robert Sternberg includes analytical, creative, and practical intelligence.

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Sternberg's triarchic theory.

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Smart people use less energy to solve problems.

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Energy efficiency in problem-solving.

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Brain-damaged people sometimes have cognitive abilities but lack emotion.

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Cognitive abilities in brain-damaged individuals.

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Spearman's general intelligence (g)

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A basic intelligence predicts our abilities in varied academic areas.

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Sternberg's triarchic theory

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Intelligence is best classified into three areas: analytical, creative, and practical.

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William Stern's IQ formula

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IQ is the ratio of mental age to chronological age \times 100.