Transcription and Translation

Front

What are the building blocks of proteins?

Back

Amino acids.

Front

What is the process of synthesizing proteins from mRNA called?

Back

Translation.

Front

What is the role of mRNA in protein synthesis?

Back

mRNA carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosome for protein synthesis.

Front

Where does transcription occur in eukaryotic cells?

Back

In the nucleus.

Front

What is the function of ribosomes in the cell?

Back

Ribosomes are the sites of protein synthesis where translation occurs.

Front

What is a codon?

Back

A codon is a sequence of three nucleotides in mRNA that codes for a specific amino acid.

Front

How many nucleotides are in one codon?

Back

Three nucleotides.

Front

What is the start codon for protein synthesis?

Back

AUG (which codes for Methionine).

Front

What is the significance of the stop codon in translation?

Back

The stop codon signals the termination of protein synthesis.

Front

What is the difference between transcription and translation?

Back

Transcription is the process of copying DNA into mRNA, while translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from mRNA.