Unit 2B: Cell Membrane & Transport

Front

Active transport

Back

A cell must expend energy (ATP) in order to move solutes against its concentration gradient (low to high) with the aid of a transport protein.

Front

Aquaporin

Back

Protein channels that assist water in diffusing rapidly across the cell membrane.

Front

Channel protein

Back

Creates a hydrophilic channel that some molecules and ions use as a tunnel to pass through the membrane (typically high to low concentration)

Front

Cholesterol

Back

Type of steroid that is found in animal cell membranes to help keep phospholipids spaced out.

Front

Concentration gradient

Back

The difference in the concentration of a substance between two areas. Particles tend to follow a natural pattern moving from high to low concentration.

Front

Diffusion

Back

The net movement of particles down a concentration gradient from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration.

Front

Endocytosis

Back

The process by which cells take in substances from outside of the cell by engulfing them in a vesicle.

Front

Exocytosis

Back

The process by which a cell transports secretory products through the cytoplasm to the plasma membrane.

Front

Facilitated diffusion

Back

A method of passive transport of specific particles (polar or charged substances) moving down the concentration gradient (high to low) across the cell membrane via through protein channels or carrier proteins.

Front

Hydrophilic

Back

Attracted to water (easily mixes with water)