Cell Cycle, Regulation, Cancer

Front

What are embryonic stem cells?

Back

Pluripotent cells that can differentiate into any cell type.

Front

What is a type of protein that regulates the cell cycle?

Back

Cyclin.

Front

What mutation acts like the gas pedal of a car, causing the cell cycle to constantly run?

Back

Proto-oncogenes.

Front

What are cells that can become any type of specialized cell in the body called?

Back

Stem cells.

Front

What is apoptosis?

Back

Programmed cell death.

Front

What is the role of cyclins in the cell cycle?

Back

Cyclins regulate the timing of the cell cycle by activating cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs).

Front

What are tumor suppressor genes?

Back

Genes that help prevent uncontrolled cell growth; mutations can lead to cancer.

Front

What is the significance of proto-oncogenes in cancer development?

Back

Mutations in proto-oncogenes can lead to their conversion into oncogenes, promoting cancer.

Front

What is the difference between benign and malignant tumors?

Back

Benign tumors are non-cancerous and do not spread, while malignant tumors are cancerous and can invade other tissues.

Front

What is the function of checkpoints in the cell cycle?

Back

Checkpoints ensure that the cell cycle progresses only when certain conditions are met, preventing errors.