Gene Expression

Front

What is the process of protein synthesis?

Back

The process by which cells make proteins based on the instructions encoded in DNA.

Front

Where does protein synthesis occur in the cell?

Back

Protein synthesis occurs outside the nucleus in the cytoplasm.

Front

What is the role of mRNA in protein synthesis?

Back

mRNA (messenger RNA) carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosome, where proteins are synthesized.

Front

What are the building blocks of proteins?

Back

Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins.

Front

What is the function of ribosomes in protein synthesis?

Back

Ribosomes are the cellular structures where protein synthesis occurs, translating mRNA into amino acid sequences.

Front

What is the difference between DNA and RNA?

Back

DNA contains the sugar deoxyribose and uses thymine (T), while RNA contains the sugar ribose and uses uracil (U) instead of thymine.

Front

What are nucleotides?

Back

Nucleotides are the basic building blocks of nucleic acids, consisting of a sugar, phosphate group, and nitrogenous base.

Front

What are the four nitrogenous bases in DNA?

Back

Adenine (A), Thymine (T), Cytosine (C), and Guanine (G).

Front

What is complementary base pairing?

Back

Complementary base pairing is the specific pairing of nitrogenous bases in DNA and RNA, where adenine pairs with thymine (or uracil in RNA) and cytosine pairs with guanine.

Front

What is transcription in the context of gene expression?

Back

Transcription is the process of copying a segment of DNA into RNA.