Unit 3 Patterns of Inheritance Review

Front

What is a recessive trait and when does it appear in the phenotype?

Back

A recessive trait appears in the phenotype when an individual has two recessive alleles (e.g., bb).

Front

What does a Punnett Square represent in genetics?

Back

A Punnett Square is a diagram used to predict the outcome of a genetic cross by showing the possible combinations of alleles from the parents.

Front

What is a heterozygous genotype?

Back

A heterozygous genotype consists of two different alleles for a particular gene (e.g., Aa).

Front

What does homozygous mean in terms of alleles?

Back

Homozygous refers to having two identical alleles for a particular gene (e.g., TT or tt).

Front

If T represents tall and t represents short, what does TT represent?

Back

TT represents a homozygous dominant genotype for tall plants.

Front

What is the expected phenotype ratio from a monohybrid cross of two heterozygous parents (Tt x Tt)?

Back

The expected phenotype ratio is 3 tall: 1 short.

Front

What is the significance of a dominant allele in genetics?

Back

A dominant allele is expressed in the phenotype even when only one copy is present (e.g., T in Tt).

Front

How can you determine if a trait is dominant or recessive?

Back

A trait is dominant if it appears in the phenotype when at least one dominant allele is present; it is recessive if it only appears when two recessive alleles are present.

Front

What is the purpose of using a Punnett Square in genetic predictions?

Back

The purpose is to visualize and calculate the probability of offspring inheriting particular genotypes and phenotypes.

Front

What does it mean for an organism to be homozygous recessive?

Back

An organism is homozygous recessive if it has two recessive alleles for a trait (e.g., bb).