
Nucleophiles and electrophiles
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Chemistry
•
University
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Practice Problem
•
Hard
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1.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
What is a nucleophile?
Back
A nucleophile is a species that donates an electron pair to form a chemical bond in a reaction. Nucleophiles are typically negatively charged or neutral molecules with lone pairs of electrons.
2.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
What is an electrophile?
Back
An electrophile is a species that accepts an electron pair to form a chemical bond in a reaction. Electrophiles are usually positively charged or electron-deficient species.
3.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
Which of the following cannot react as a nucleophile: (CH₃)₄N⁺ or I⁻?
Back
(CH₃)₄N⁺ cannot react as a nucleophile because it is a positively charged species and lacks a lone pair of electrons to donate.
4.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
What is the role of Lewis bases in chemical reactions?
Back
Lewis bases are electron pair donors. They can act as nucleophiles in reactions by donating their electron pairs to electrophiles.
5.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
What is the role of Lewis acids in chemical reactions?
Back
Lewis acids are electron pair acceptors. They can act as electrophiles in reactions by accepting electron pairs from nucleophiles.
6.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
Provide an example of a common nucleophile.
Back
A common nucleophile is the iodide ion (I⁻), which has a lone pair of electrons that it can donate.
7.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
Provide an example of a common electrophile.
Back
A common electrophile is the carbocation CH₃⁺, which is electron-deficient and can accept electron pairs.
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