Key Concepts in Argumentation and Rhetoric

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Argument

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The main point or claim someone is trying to convince others to accept.

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Claim

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A statement or assertion that something is true, which can be supported with reasons and evidence.

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Evidence

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Information, facts, examples, or data used to support a claim.

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Reason

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An explanation or justification that supports the claim.

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Counterargument

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An opposing argument or viewpoint that challenges the main claim.

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Rebuttal

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A response to a counterargument, refuting it and reinforcing the original claim.

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Rhetoric

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The art of effective or persuasive speaking or writing.

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Ethos

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A rhetorical appeal to credibility or character to convince an audience.

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Pathos

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A rhetorical appeal to the audience’s emotions.

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Logos

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A rhetorical appeal to logic and reason.