D1.1 HL DNA Replication

Front

What are the 5' and 3' terminals of a DNA strand?

Back

The 5' terminal has a phosphate group; the 3' terminal has a hydroxyl group.

Front

How do DNA polymerases add nucleotides during replication?

Back

DNA polymerases add nucleotides by forming phosphodiester bonds between the growing strand and incoming nucleotides, guided by the template strand.

Front

What is the difference between the leading and lagging strands in DNA replication?

Back

The leading strand is synthesized continuously, while the lagging strand is synthesized discontinuously.

Front

Continuous replication

Back

Continuous replication is the uninterrupted synthesis of the leading strand during DNA replication.

Front

Discontinuous replication

Back

Synthesis of the lagging strand in short segments (Okazaki fragments) during DNA replication.

Front

Okazaki fragments

Back

Okazaki fragments are short DNA segments synthesized on the lagging strand during DNA replication.

Front

How many RNA primers are needed for the leading strand?

Back

1

Front

How many RNA primers are needed for the lagging strand?

Back

Multiple RNA primers are needed, one for each Okazaki fragment.

Front

What is the role of DNA primase in prokaryotic replication?

Back

DNA primase synthesizes RNA primers for DNA replication.

Front

What is the function of DNA polymerase I in prokaryotic replication?

Back

To remove RNA primers and replace them with DNA during DNA replication.