Heredity

Front

What is the definition of a dominant trait in genetics?

Back

A dominant trait is a genetic trait that is expressed in the phenotype even when only one copy of the allele is present.

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What is the definition of a recessive trait in genetics?

Back

A recessive trait is a genetic trait that is only expressed in the phenotype when two copies of the allele are present.

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What does it mean for an individual to be heterozygous for a trait?

Back

An individual is heterozygous for a trait when they have two different alleles for that trait, one dominant and one recessive.

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What does it mean for an individual to be homozygous for a trait?

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An individual is homozygous for a trait when they have two identical alleles for that trait, either both dominant or both recessive.

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What is a Punnett Square used for in genetics?

Back

A Punnett Square is a diagram used to predict the genotypes and phenotypes of offspring from a genetic cross.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

NGSS.HS-LS4-3

Front

What is the phenotype of an individual who is heterozygous for a dominant trait?

Back

The phenotype of an individual who is heterozygous for a dominant trait will express the dominant trait.

Front

What is the expected phenotypic ratio of offspring from a cross between two heterozygous individuals for a dominant trait?

Back

The expected phenotypic ratio is 3:1, where 3 offspring express the dominant trait and 1 offspring expresses the recessive trait.

Front

What is a pedigree chart?

Back

A pedigree chart is a diagram that shows the genetic relationships and traits of biological family members across generations.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-1

Front

How can you determine if a trait is dominant or recessive based on a pedigree chart?

Back

If a trait appears in every generation and is passed from parents to offspring, it is likely dominant. If it skips generations, it is likely recessive.

Front

What is the significance of the allele symbols 'H' and 'h' in genetics?

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In genetics, 'H' typically represents a dominant allele, while 'h' represents a recessive allele for a specific trait.