Neuron Structure

Front

What is the function of the axon terminals in a neuron?

Back

Axon terminals are responsible for transmitting signals to other neurons by releasing neurotransmitters into the synapse.

Front

Define synapse in the context of neuron communication.

Back

A synapse is the tiny gap between neurons where nerve impulses are transmitted from one neuron to another, facilitating communication between an axon and a dendrite.

Front

What is the role of the nucleus in a neuron?

Back

The nucleus contains the cell's genetic material and is responsible for regulating cellular activities, including growth and metabolism.

Front

What are neurotransmitters and their function?

Back

Neurotransmitters are chemicals produced by neurons that carry messages to other neurons, facilitating communication within the nervous system.

Front

What is the myelin sheath and its significance?

Back

The myelin sheath is an insulating layer that surrounds the axon of a neuron, enabling electrical signals to travel down the axon at higher speeds.

Front

What is the primary role of dendrites in a neuron?

Back

Dendrites receive incoming signals from other neurons and transmit these signals to the cell body.

Front

Explain the importance of the axon in neuron function.

Back

The axon is a long, slender projection that conducts electrical impulses away from the neuron's cell body to other neurons or muscles.

Front

What is the difference between an action potential and a resting potential in neurons?

Back

An action potential is a rapid change in electrical charge that occurs when a neuron fires, while resting potential is the stable, negative charge of a neuron when it is not transmitting signals.

Front

Describe the process of neurotransmitter release at the synapse.

Back

When an action potential reaches the axon terminals, it triggers the release of neurotransmitters into the synapse, where they bind to receptors on the postsynaptic neuron.

Front

What is the function of glial cells in the nervous system?

Back

Glial cells support and protect neurons, provide structural support, and assist in the maintenance of homeostasis in the nervous system.