RPA Science A Level Bio 4.5 CoTransport Starter Flashcard

Front

What is co-transport in biological systems?

Back

Co-transport is a mechanism that involves the simultaneous transport of two different molecules across a cell membrane, typically using a co-transporter protein.

Front

Give an example of co-transport in the human body.

Back

The transport of glucose along with sodium ions in the small intestine is a classic example of co-transport.

Front

What is the function of microvilli in the small intestine?

Back

Microvilli increase the surface area of epithelial cells, enhancing the absorption of nutrients.

Front

What is actively transported from epithelial cells into the blood in the small intestine?

Back

Sodium ions are actively transported from epithelial cells into the blood.

Front

What triggers the shape change in a carrier protein during active transport?

Back

The attachment of ATP to the carrier protein triggers a shape change, allowing the transport of molecules.

Front

What type of protein facilitates the co-transport of sodium ions and glucose?

Back

Co-transporter proteins facilitate the movement of sodium ions and glucose together.

Front

What is the difference between passive transport and active transport?

Back

Passive transport does not require energy and moves substances down their concentration gradient, while active transport requires energy to move substances against their concentration gradient.

Front

What role does ATP play in active transport?

Back

ATP provides the energy required for active transport by releasing energy when it is hydrolyzed.

Front

How do microvilli contribute to nutrient absorption?

Back

Microvilli increase the surface area available for absorption, allowing more nutrients to be absorbed efficiently.

Front

What is the significance of sodium ions in co-transport mechanisms?

Back

Sodium ions create a concentration gradient that drives the co-transport of other molecules, such as glucose, into cells.