Multiplication Strategies 3rd grade

Repeated addition is the process of adding the same number multiple times to find the total. For example, 3 x 5 can be expressed as 5 + 5 + 5.

To find the total number of legs, multiply the number of dogs by the number of legs each dog has. For example, 3 dogs with 4 legs each: 3 x 4 = 12 legs.

Rows are the horizontal arrangements in a grid.

A multiplication sentence can be written by identifying the number of groups and the number in each group. For example, if the number line shows 5 groups of 2, it can be written as 5 x 2 = 10.

Repeated addition can be expressed as multiplication. For example, 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 can be expressed as 2 x 4.

Grouping is a multiplication strategy where you group items into equal sets to simplify the calculation. For example, grouping 12 apples into sets of 3 helps to find how many groups there are.

Rows are horizontal lines of items, while columns are vertical lines of items.

An array is a visual representation of multiplication where items are arranged in rows and columns. For example, 3 rows of 4 items each represent 3 x 4.

The commutative property states that changing the order of the factors does not change the product. For example, 3 x 4 = 4 x 3.

The associative property states that the way in which factors are grouped does not change the product. For example, (2 x 3) x 4 = 2 x (3 x 4).