Literary Terms and Devices

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literary device

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artful and purposeful use of language. When used properly, they help readers to appreciate, interpret and analyze a literary work.

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idiom

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a group of words that's meaning is different from the ordinary meaning of the word. The context can help you understand it (ex: put a lid on it). Example: When Bill joined the military, Dad said he was swimming with sharks. (there were no sharks; this means Bill was in a lot of danger)

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irony

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contrast between what is expected and what actually exists or happens.

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alliteration

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repetition of a sound at the beginning of a word. Example: Hal hit the house hard with the hammer. (most, but not all words, start with the /h/ sound)

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figurative language

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words that may not mean what they say. Often, they contrast the dictionary definition. Authors are trying to provide fresh or unique new ways of explaining things.

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hyperbole

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great exaggeration used to emphasize a point. Example: Josie's new friend is as skinny as a toothpick. (no person could possibly be as thin as a toothpick)

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Imagery or Sensory Language

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words or phrases that help appeal to the reader's five senses.

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metaphor

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comparing two things that are not alike ("baby you're a firework"). Example: Dad is a monster in the morning before he drinks coffee. (Dad and monster are dissimilar and the comparison is explained)

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personification

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speaking of something that is not human as if it had human abilities and reactions. Example: The sun smiled at the world as it rose in the morning. (smiling is unique to humans)

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simile

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a comparison of two things that are not alike using like or as. Example: As the girl was humiliated, her cheeks turned as red as an apple. (cheeks and apples are unlike)