Ancient Egypt: Gifts of the Nile and Pharaohs

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What did Egyptians call their land and why?

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Egyptians called their land Kemet, or Black Land, because of the dark, rich soil left by the Nile's flooding.

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How did the Nile River benefit the Egyptians?

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The Nile helped Egyptians produce food and resources, making them prosperous.

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When did Egyptians settle in Egypt and what crops did they grow?

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Egyptians settled around 6000 BCE and grew grains like wheat, barley, and flax, as well as fruits, vegetables, and beans.

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What tools and methods did Egyptians develop for agriculture?

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They developed wooden tools, plows pulled by animals, dug canals, and invented the shadoof to water crops.

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What animals did Egyptians use for work and food?

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Egyptians used cows, oxen, goats, and other animals for work and sometimes for food. They also hunted birds, lions, and hippopotamuses.

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What were the two areas of ancient Egypt and who united them?

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The two areas were Upper Egypt and Lower Egypt. Narmer from Upper Egypt conquered Lower Egypt and united them.

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What city did Narmer choose as the capital of the united Egypt?

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Narmer chose the city of Memphis as the capital of the united kingdom.

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What does the word 'pharaoh' mean and what was their role?

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The word 'pharaoh' means great house, referring to the ruler’s palace. Pharaohs ruled Egypt, overseeing laws, trade, the army, and religious life.

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How was the role of pharaoh passed down?

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The role of pharaoh was hereditary, passed down in a family, often through marriages with powerful families.

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What was the significance of the Nile's flooding for Egyptian agriculture?

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The Nile's flooding deposited nutrient-rich silt on the land, which was essential for growing crops and sustaining agriculture.