Unit 3: Properties and Changes in Matter Vocabulary

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Chemical Change

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A change of materials into new materials with different properties, resulting in the formation of one or more new substances.

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Endothermic

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A process or reaction that absorbs heat energy from its surroundings, meaning it takes heat from the environment to proceed.

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Exothermic

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A chemical reaction or process that releases energy, usually in the form of heat, to its surroundings; essentially, it “gives off heat.”

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Heat

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The movement of thermal energy.

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Physical Property

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A characteristic or quality of a substance that can be observed or measured, describing its physical state without changing its chemical composition.

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Chemical Property

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Describes the ability of a substance to undergo a specific chemical change.

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Law of Conservation of Matter

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The amount of matter stays the same, even when matter changes form.

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Phase Change

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The process where a substance transitions from one state of matter to another, typically occurring when energy is added or removed from the substance, causing its molecules to rearrange and exhibit different properties.

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Temperature

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A measure of hotness or coldness expressed in terms of any of several arbitrary scales, indicating the direction in which heat energy will spontaneously flow.

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Kinetic Theory

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A scientific concept that states that all matter is composed of particles in motion, and their collective behavior determines the macroscopic properties we observe.