DNA bio vocab

Front

What is the organic compound made of amino acids that is responsible for cell specialization, gene expression, growth and repair, and many critical cellular functions?

Back

Protein

Front

What type of RNA composes ribosomes to aid in the process of translation?

Back

rRNA (ribosomal RNA)

Front

What is the term for a mutation that occurs when a nucleotide is inserted or deleted in the coding region of a gene?

Back

Frameshift mutation

Front

What was the 13-year project that involved the complete mapping of the 20,000 genes found in the human genetic code?

Back

Human Genome Project

Front

What is the monomer of a nucleic acid made up of a 5-carbon sugar, phosphate group, and a nitrogen base?

Back

Nucleotide

Front

What are the building blocks of proteins?

Back

Amino acids

Front

What is the process by which mRNA is synthesized from a DNA template?

Back

Transcription

Front

What is the role of tRNA in protein synthesis?

Back

tRNA (transfer RNA) brings amino acids to the ribosome during translation.

Front

What is the difference between DNA and RNA in terms of their sugar components?

Back

DNA contains deoxyribose, while RNA contains ribose.

Front

What is the function of the ribosome in a cell?

Back

The ribosome is the site of protein synthesis.