Biology Terms

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ATP

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Adenosine triphosphate, the energy currency of the cell.

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ADP

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Adenosine diphosphate, a product of ATP dephosphorylation.

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Chemosynthesis

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The process by which some organisms use chemical energy to produce carbohydrates.

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Photosynthesis

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The process by which green plants and some other organisms use sunlight to synthesize food with the help of chlorophyll.

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Chlorophyll

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A green pigment responsible for the absorption of light to provide energy for photosynthesis.

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Thylakoid

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A membrane-bound compartment inside chloroplasts and cyanobacteria, the site of the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis.

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Light-dependent Reactions

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The series of biochemical reactions in photosynthesis that require light energy.

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Light-independent Reactions

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The series of biochemical reactions in photosynthesis that do not require light, also known as the Calvin cycle.

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Electron Transport Chain

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A series of complexes that transfer electrons from electron donors to electron acceptors via redox reactions.

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ATP Synthase

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An enzyme that creates ATP by adding a phosphate group to ADP.