Chapter 4 Flashcards

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Declaration of Independence

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A document declaring the thirteen American colonies' independence from British rule, adopted on July 4, 1776.

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U.S. Constitution

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The supreme law of the United States, establishing the framework of the national government and fundamental laws, and guaranteeing certain basic rights for its citizens.

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Bill of Rights

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The first ten amendments to the U.S. Constitution, ratified in 1791, guaranteeing such rights as the freedoms of speech, assembly, and worship.

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Fifth Amendment

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An amendment to the U.S. Constitution that, among other things, protects individuals from self-incrimination and double jeopardy, and mandates due process of law.

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Eminent Domain

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The right of a government to take private property for public use, with payment of compensation.

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Alexis de Tocqueville

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A French diplomat, political scientist, and historian best known for his works 'Democracy in America' examining the democratic revolution he believed had been occurring over the previous several hundred years.

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Liberty

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The state of being free within society from oppressive restrictions imposed by authority on one's way of life, behavior, or political views.

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Egalitarianism

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A belief in human equality especially with respect to social, political, and economic affairs.

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Individualism

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A social theory favoring freedom of action for individuals over collective or state control.

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Populism

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A political approach that strives to appeal to ordinary people who feel that their concerns are disregarded by established elite groups.