Protein Synthesis and Mutations Review

Front

What is the process of converting DNA into mRNA called?

Back

Transcription

Front

What is the complementary RNA base for adenine (A) in DNA?

Back

Uracil (U)

Front

What are the four bases found in RNA?

Back

Adenine (A), Uracil (U), Cytosine (C), Guanine (G)

Front

What is the role of ribosomes in protein synthesis?

Back

Ribosomes are the sites where translation occurs, synthesizing proteins from mRNA.

Front

What is gene expression?

Back

The process by which information from a gene is used to synthesize a functional gene product, usually proteins.

Front

What is a mutation?

Back

A change in the DNA sequence that can lead to changes in gene expression or function.

Front

What are the three types of mutations?

Back

Substitution, Insertion, and Deletion.

Front

What is an insertion mutation?

Back

A mutation where one or more nucleotide bases are added into the DNA sequence.

Front

How does a mutation affect protein synthesis?

Back

Mutations can alter the amino acid sequence of a protein, potentially affecting its function.

Front

What is the difference between transcription and translation?

Back

Transcription is the process of making mRNA from DNA, while translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from mRNA.