Chapter 10 Study Guide

Front

What are the muscles that are most directly involved in bringing about a movement called?

Back

agonist

Front

What neurological training effect can improve fitness in people who do not exercise regularly when they start an anaerobic training regimen?

Back

increased ability to recruit type II fibers

Front

What activity should be avoided to prevent a decline in muscular health in an apparently healthy person?

Back

sitting too much because it causes atrophy of muscle fibers

Front

How is flexibility defined?

Back

the ability to move a joint through a full range of motion

Front

What advantage do pennate fiber arrangements have compared to nonpennate muscles?

Back

produce more force

Front

What is the role of agonist muscles during movement?

Back

They are the primary muscles responsible for generating the movement.

Front

What are type II muscle fibers known for?

Back

They are fast-twitch fibers that are more suited for anaerobic activities and generate more force.

Front

What is muscular atrophy and what causes it?

Back

Muscular atrophy is the decrease in muscle mass and strength, often caused by inactivity such as prolonged sitting.

Front

What factors contribute to flexibility in joints?

Back

Muscle elasticity, joint structure, and the nervous system's ability to control muscle length.

Front

What is the difference between pennate and nonpennate muscle arrangements?

Back

Pennate muscles have fibers that are arranged at an angle to the tendon, allowing for greater force production, while nonpennate muscles have fibers that run parallel to the tendon.