DNA Structure and Replication

Front

What is the primary function of DNA in living organisms?

Back

DNA serves as the blueprint for making proteins in living organisms.

Front

What is the main goal of DNA replication?

Back

The goal of DNA replication is to make an identical copy of DNA.

Front

What is a nucleotide?

Back

A nucleotide is the basic building block of DNA, consisting of a sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base.

Front

Which enzyme is responsible for adding nucleotides during DNA replication?

Back

DNA Polymerase is the enzyme responsible for adding nucleotides.

Front

What are the three phases of Interphase in the cell cycle?

Back

The three phases of Interphase are G1 (Gap 1), S (Synthesis), and G2 (Gap 2).

Front

What are the components of a DNA nucleotide?

Back

A DNA nucleotide consists of a deoxyribose sugar, a phosphate group, and one of four nitrogenous bases (adenine, thymine, cytosine, or guanine).

Front

What is the role of helicase in DNA replication?

Back

Helicase is the enzyme that unwinds and separates the two strands of DNA during replication.

Front

What is the significance of the antiparallel structure of DNA?

Back

The antiparallel structure of DNA allows for proper base pairing and replication, as one strand runs in the 5' to 3' direction while the other runs in the 3' to 5' direction.

Front

What is the difference between leading and lagging strands during DNA replication?

Back

The leading strand is synthesized continuously in the 5' to 3' direction, while the lagging strand is synthesized in short segments (Okazaki fragments) in the opposite direction.

Front

What is the function of DNA ligase in DNA replication?

Back

DNA ligase is the enzyme that joins Okazaki fragments on the lagging strand, sealing the gaps between them.