Chem H [Ch. 2 Flashcard II Review] Quantum Mechnical Model

Front

What is the Pauli Exclusion Principle?

Back

The Pauli Exclusion Principle states that no two electrons in an atom can have the same set of four quantum numbers, meaning that an orbital can hold a maximum of two electrons with opposite spins.

Front

What is the electron configuration for Silicon?

Back

The electron configuration for Silicon is 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p².

Front

Why does an orbital diagram violate the Pauli Exclusion Principle?

Back

An orbital diagram violates the Pauli Exclusion Principle if it shows two electrons in the same orbital with the same spin.

Front

What is the significance of the 3d orbital in electron configurations?

Back

The 3d orbital can hold a maximum of 10 electrons and is important for transition metals, influencing their chemical properties.

Front

What is the maximum number of electrons that can occupy a single orbital?

Back

A single orbital can hold a maximum of two electrons, provided they have opposite spins.

Front

What are quantum numbers and how do they relate to electron configurations?

Back

Quantum numbers describe the properties of atomic orbitals and the electrons in those orbitals, including the principal, angular momentum, magnetic, and spin quantum numbers.

Front

What is the Aufbau principle?

Back

The Aufbau principle states that electrons occupy the lowest energy orbitals first before filling higher energy orbitals.

Front

What is Hund's Rule?

Back

Hund's Rule states that electrons will fill degenerate orbitals (orbitals of the same energy) singly before pairing up.

Front

What is the difference between an orbital and an electron shell?

Back

An orbital is a region in an atom where there is a high probability of finding an electron, while an electron shell is a grouping of orbitals that share the same principal quantum number.

Front

How do you determine the number of valence electrons in an element?

Back

The number of valence electrons can be determined by looking at the outermost electron shell of an atom, which corresponds to the highest principal quantum number.