Taxonomy and Phylogenetics

Front

What are the 8 taxa or levels of classification in biological taxonomy?

Back

Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species

Front

What is a phylogenetic tree?

Back

A diagram that represents the evolutionary relationships among various biological species based on similarities and differences in their physical or genetic characteristics.

Front

Which organism is most distantly related to humans according to a cladogram?

Back

Crayfish

Front

What is the common ancestor of a group of organisms represented in a cladogram?

Back

The node from which the branches of the organisms diverge.

Front

What are the two parts of a scientific name in binomial nomenclature?

Back

Genus and species name.

Front

What is the significance of the domain level in taxonomy?

Back

It is the broadest taxonomic category that classifies life into three main groups: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya.

Front

How does a phylogenetic tree differ from a cladogram?

Back

A phylogenetic tree shows the evolutionary relationships and the time scale of divergence, while a cladogram focuses on the branching order without indicating time.

Front

What is a clade in phylogenetics?

Back

A group of organisms that includes an ancestor and all its descendants.

Front

What is the purpose of using scientific names for organisms?

Back

To provide a universal and standardized naming system that avoids confusion caused by common names.

Front

What does the term 'monophyletic' mean in the context of taxonomy?

Back

A group of organisms that includes a common ancestor and all its descendants.