Long and Short Vowels

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What are long vowels?

Back

Long vowels are vowel sounds that are pronounced the same as the name of the letter itself. For example, the long 'a' in 'cake'.

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CCSS.L.1.2D

CCSS.L.K.2C

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Front

What are short vowels?

Back

Short vowels are vowel sounds that are pronounced differently than the name of the letter. For example, the short 'a' in 'cat'.

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Front

List the short vowel sounds in English.

Back

The short vowel sounds in English are: /æ/ as in 'cat', /ɛ/ as in 'bed', /ɪ/ as in 'sit', /ɒ/ as in 'hot', and /ʌ/ as in 'cup'.

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CCSS.L.1.2D

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Front

List the long vowel sounds in English.

Back

The long vowel sounds in English are: /eɪ/ as in 'cake', /iː/ as in 'see', /aɪ/ as in 'like', /oʊ/ as in 'go', and /juː/ as in 'blue'.

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CCSS.L.1.2D

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Front

How can you identify a long vowel sound in a word?

Back

A long vowel sound can often be identified by the presence of a silent 'e' at the end of the word, as in 'cake' or 'time'.

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CCSS.L.1.2E

CCSS.L.K.2D

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Front

How can you identify a short vowel sound in a word?

Back

A short vowel sound is typically found in words without a silent 'e' at the end, such as 'cat' or 'bed'.

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CCSS.L.1.2E

CCSS.L.K.2D

CCSS.RF.1.3C

CCSS.RF.2.3A

CCSS.RF.2.3B

Front

What is a vowel digraph?

Back

A vowel digraph is a pair of vowels that together make one vowel sound, such as 'ai' in 'rain' or 'ea' in 'bread'.

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CCSS.L.1.5A

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CCSS.L.K.5A

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What is a vowel team?

Back

A vowel team consists of two or more vowels that work together to create a single vowel sound, like 'ou' in 'cloud'.

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CCSS.L.1.5A

CCSS.L.1.5B

CCSS.L.K.5A

Front

What is the difference between a vowel and a consonant?

Back

A vowel is a speech sound made without any closure in the vocal tract, while a consonant is produced with some degree of closure.

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CCSS.L.1.2D

CCSS.L.K.2C

CCSS.RF.2.3E

CCSS.RF.K.3B

CCSS.RF.K.3D

Front

Give an example of a word with a long vowel sound.

Back

An example of a word with a long vowel sound is 'tree', where the 'e' makes the long 'ee' sound.

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CCSS.L.1.2E

CCSS.L.K.2D

CCSS.RF.1.3C

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CCSS.RF.2.3B