Chapter 4 AP Practice Test

Front

What is a stratified sample?

Back

A stratified sample is a sampling method that involves dividing a population into subgroups (strata) that share similar characteristics and then taking a sample from each stratum to ensure representation of all groups.

Tags

CCSS.HSS.IC.B.3

Front

Why is a simple random sample important?

Back

A simple random sample ensures that every possible sample of the same size has an equal chance of being selected, which helps to eliminate bias and allows for generalization of results to the larger population.

Tags

CCSS.7.SP.A.1

CCSS.HSS.IC.A.1

Front

What is the purpose of random assignment in experiments?

Back

Random assignment is used to ensure that each experimental unit has an equal chance of receiving any treatment, which helps to control for confounding variables and allows for causal inferences.

Front

What is the main advantage of experiments over observational studies?

Back

The main advantage of experiments is that they can provide stronger evidence of causation, as researchers can manipulate variables and control for other factors.

Front

What is a matched pairs design in experiments?

Back

A matched pairs design is an experimental design where pairs of experimental units are matched based on similar characteristics, and each unit in the pair receives a different treatment.

Tags

CCSS.HSS.IC.B.3

Front

What is the role of random sampling in research?

Back

Random sampling is used to select a representative sample from a population, which helps to ensure that the results can be generalized to the larger population.

Front

How does stratified sampling differ from simple random sampling?

Back

Stratified sampling involves dividing the population into strata and sampling from each stratum, while simple random sampling involves selecting individuals randomly from the entire population without regard to subgroups.

Tags

CCSS.HSS.IC.B.3

Front

What is confounding in the context of experiments?

Back

Confounding occurs when an outside variable influences both the dependent and independent variables, making it difficult to determine the true effect of the treatment.

Front

What is the significance of using a control group in experiments?

Back

A control group serves as a baseline to compare the effects of the treatment, helping to isolate the impact of the treatment from other variables.

Front

What is the difference between qualitative and quantitative data?

Back

Qualitative data describes characteristics or qualities and is often non-numerical, while quantitative data consists of numerical values that can be measured and analyzed statistically.